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-
- Network Working Group Robert Lutz
- Internet Draft Stac Electronics
- expires in six months October 1993
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- PPP Stacker LZS Compression Protocol
- draft-ietf-pppext-stacker-00.txt
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- Status of this Memo
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- This document is the product of the Point-to-Point Protocol Working
- Group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Comments should
- be submitted to the ietf-ppp@ucdavis.edu mailing list.
-
- Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- This document is an Internet Draft. Internet Drafts are working
- documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its Areas,
- and its Working Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute
- working documents as Internet Drafts.
-
- Internet Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
- months. Internet Drafts may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by
- other documents at any time. It is not appropriate to use Internet
- Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as a
- ``working draft'' or ``work in progress.''
-
- Please check the 1id-abstracts.txt listing contained in the
- internet-drafts Shadow Directories on nic.ddn.mil, nnsc.nsf.net,
- nic.nordu.net, ftp.nisc.sri.com, or munnari.oz.au to learn the
- current status of any Internet Draft.
-
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- Abstract
-
- The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) [1] provides a standard method for
- transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point links.
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- The PPP Compression Control Protocol [2] provides a method to
- negotiate and utilize compression protocols over PPP encapsulated
- links.
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- This document describes the use of the Stacker LZS data compression
- algorithm, with single or multiple compression histories, for
- compressing PPP encapsulated packets.
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- 1. Introduction
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- Starting with a sliding window compression history, similar to LZ1
- [3], Stac Electronics developed a new, enhanced compression algorithm
- identified as Stacker LZS. The LZS algorithm is optimized to
- compress all file types as efficiently as possible. Even string
- matches as short as two bytes are effectively compressed.
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- The Stacker LZS compression algorithm supports both single
- compression history communication and multiple compression history
- communication.
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- A single compression history will require the minimum amount of
- memory to implement, but may not provide as much compression as a
- multiple history implementation.
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- Using multiple compression histories can improve the compression
- ratio of a communication link by associating separate compression
- histories with separate virtual links of communication. In general,
- each virtual link will transmit data that is independent of other
- virtual links.
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- 1.1. Licensing
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- Source and object licenses are available on a non-discriminatory
- basis for either a royalty or fixed price arrangement. Hardware
- implementations are also available. Patent indemnity is included
- with the license.
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- 2. LZS Packets
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- Before any LZS packets may be communicated, PPP must reach the
- Network-Layer Protocol phase, and the CCP Control Protocol must reach
- the Opened state.
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- Exactly one LZS datagram is encapsulated in the PPP Information
- field, where the PPP Protocol field indicates type hex 00FD
- (compressed datagram).
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- The maximum length of the LZS datagram transmitted over a PPP link is
- the same as the maximum length of the Information field of a PPP
- encapsulated packet.
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- Prior to compression, the uncompressed data begins with the PPP
- Protocol number. This value MAY be compressed when Protocol-Field-
- Compression is negotiated.
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- PPP Link Control Protocol packets MUST NOT be sent within compressed
- data.
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- Padding
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- The LZS Information field contains an integral length field, which
- is used to disambiguate padding. When expansion has resulted in
- the number of octets specified in the length, the remainder of the
- packet is considered padding. This allows trailing bits as well
- as octets to be considered padding.
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- Reliability and Sequencing
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- By default, the Compression History will be reset for each LZS
- packet. In this case, the algorithm does not depend on a reliable
- link and does not require that packets be delivered in sequence.
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- Optionally, each Compression History may be reset at the
- discretion of the transmitter. Use of this feature requires a
- reliable link, as described in "PPP Reliable Transmission" [4],
- and expects the packets to be delivered in sequence.
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- When a transmitter resets a Compression History, no other
- indication needs to be sent to the receiver, other than that
- provided within the compressed information.
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- Data Expansion
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- The maximum expansion of Stacker LZS is 12.5%.
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- When the expansion exceeds the size of the peer's Maximum Receive
- Unit for the link, the expanded packet is sent in multiple PPP
- frames. When such frames are delivered out of sequence, the
- parity check in each frame will detect the failure.
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- When expansion is detected, the PPP packet MAY be sent without
- compression. Any following LZS packet will indicate a reset of
- its Compression History.
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- 2.1. Packet Format
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- A summary of the Stacker LZS packet format is shown below. The
- fields are transmitted from left to right.
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- 0 1 2 3
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | PPP Protocol | History Number |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Uncompressed Length | Compressed Data ...
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | LCB / CRC |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+- - - - - - - -+
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- PPP Protocol
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- The PPP Protocol field is described in the Point-to-Point Protocol
- Encapsulation [1].
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- When the Stacker LZS compression protocol is successfully
- negotiated by the PPP Compression Control Protocol [2], the value
- is 00fd hex. This value MAY be compressed when Protocol-Field-
- Compression is negotiated.
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- History Number
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- The number of the compression history which should be used. This
- field is only present when the negotiated History Count is greater
- than one.
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- If the negotiated History Count is one, this field is removed, a
- reduction of 2 octets.
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- Uncompressed Length
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- The number of octets which were in the original PPP encapsulated
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- packet, prior to compression.
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- Compressed Data
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- The compressed PPP encapsulated packet.
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- LCB or CRC
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- By default, a simple Longitudinal Check Byte (LCB) will be
- appended to each packet. The LCB MUST be initialized to FF(hex)
- at the beginning of each packet. The LCB is one octet, and is the
- Exclusive-OR of each octet of the original, uncompressed data.
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- If the CRC option is successfully negotiated, a CRC will be
- appended to each packet in place of the LCB. The CRC MUST be
- initialized to FFFF(hex) at the beginning of each packet. The CRC
- is two octets, and is based on the following polynomial:
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- x^16 + x^12 + x^5 + 1
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- 3. Configuration Option Format
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- Description
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- The CCP Stacker-LZS Configuration Option negotiates the use of
- Stacker LZS on the link. By default or ultimate disagreement, no
- compression is used.
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- A summary of the Stacker-LZS Configuration Option format is shown
- below. The fields are transmitted from left to right.
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- 0 1 2 3
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Type | Length | History Count |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Check Mode | Reset Mode |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
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- Type
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- <TBD> (5)
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- Length
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- 6
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- History Count
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- The History Count field is two octets, and specifies the maximum
- number of Compression Histories. Valid values range from 1 to
- 65768.
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- Check Mode
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- The Check Mode indicates support of LCB or CRC checking. All
- implementations MUST support LCB parity.
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- 1 LCB
- 2 CRC
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- Reset Mode
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- The Reset Mode indicates support for maintaining a Compression
- History for more than a single packet. All implementations MUST
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- support the Single Packet mode.
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- 1 Single Packet
- 2 Multiple Packets
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- Security Considerations
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- Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
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- References
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- [1] Simpson, W.A., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", work in
- progress.
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- [2] Rand, D., "The PPP Compression Control Protocol (CCP)", work in
- progress.
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- [3] Lempel, A. and Ziv, J., "A Universal Algorithm for Sequential
- Data Compression", IEEE Transactions On Information Theory,
- Vol. IT-23, No. 3, May 1977.
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- [4] Rand, D., "PPP Reliable Transmission", work in progress.
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- Acknowledgments
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- Editting and formatting by Bill Simpson.
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- Lutz expires in six months [Page 7]
- DRAFT Stacker LZS October 1993
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- Chair's Address
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- The working group can be contacted via the current chair:
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- Fred Baker
- Advanced Computer Communications
- 315 Bollay Drive
- Santa Barbara, California 93117
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- EMail: fbaker@acc.com
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- Author's Address
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- Questions about this memo can also be directed to:
-
- Robert Lutz
- Stac Electronics
- 5993 Avenida Encinas
- Carlsbad, CA 92008
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- (619)431-7474
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- Email: stac/stac/bobl%stac_electronics@mcimail.com
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- Lutz expires in six months [Page 8]
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- Table of Contents
-
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- 1. Introduction .......................................... 1
- 1.1 Licensing ....................................... 1
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- 2. LZS Packets ........................................... 2
- 2.1 Packet Format ................................... 3
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- 3. Configuration Option Format ........................... 5
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- SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS ...................................... 7
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- REFERENCES ................................................... 7
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- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................. 7
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- CHAIR'S ADDRESS .............................................. 8
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- AUTHOR'S ADDRESS ............................................. 8
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- Bill.Simpson@um.cc.umich.edu
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